This 7 year old MN Terrier mix dog has a histroy of chronci bilateral clear nasal discharge. Stertorous breathing, episodes of cyanosis
This 7 year old MN Terrier mix dog has a histroy of chronci bilateral clear nasal discharge. Stertorous breathing, episodes of cyanosis
CT of the head – The conformation of the calvarium is typical for a brachycephalic dog associated with general stenosis of the upper airways.. The frontal sinuses are absent. The supraoccipital bone is hypoplastic. The foramen magnum is large. Overlap between the caudal aspect of the supraoccipital bone and the dorsal arch oft he atlas is noted. Mild deviation of the nasal septum is noted within the rostral third of the nasal cavity which is an incidental finding. There is a moderate amount of fluid attenuating dependent nasal secretions within both nasal cavities as well as within the nasal fundus and nasopharynx. There is no turbinate destruction. A small well delineated bony defect is seen within the midline in the caudal portion of the hard palate. The defect appears to be covered by soft tissue. There is bilateral and asymmetrical enlargement of the lateral ventricles. The left lateral ventricle reveals moderate dilation. The left cerbral hemisphere is enlarged. The cerebral midline is shifted to the right.
A viral and/or bacterial rhinitis is most likely. There are no signs typical of fungal rhinitis or neoplasia. The brachycephalic skull conformation with upper airway stenosis promotes development and preservation of upper respiratory tract infections in general. Consider further workup with rhinoscopy and sampling. . No structural obstruction oft he CSF pathways is seen. A normal pressure hydrocephalus is most likely.
