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03_00333 Lilo W Ruptured GB

Case Study

03_00333 Lilo W Ruptured GB

A 9-year-old SF Labrador with a history of eating marrowbones was initially presented for acute diarrhea that responded to feeding a bland diet. Three days later, she was presented with injected mucus membranes, dehydration, and slightly painful abdomen. Blood work showed mildly elevated ALP activity and cholesterol. Survey radiographs showed a diffuse loss of abdominal detail. Additional history was idiopathic seizures that were well controlled on phenobarbital.

A 9-year-old SF Labrador with a history of eating marrowbones was initially presented for acute diarrhea that responded to feeding a bland diet. Three days later, she was presented with injected mucus membranes, dehydration, and slightly painful abdomen. Blood work showed mildly elevated ALP activity and cholesterol. Survey radiographs showed a diffuse loss of abdominal detail. Additional history was idiopathic seizures that were well controlled on phenobarbital.

DX

Gallbladder rupture

Sonographic Differential Diagnosis

Chronic hepatic changes.
Collapsed gallbladder with inflammatory pattern at the neck of the gallbladder.
Undefined free fluid.
Reactive mesentery.
Age related renal changes.
Given that the free fluid is serosanguinous with neutrophilia recommend exploratory surgery with examination of the gallbladder and common bile duct. This is not an evident gallbladder mucocele; however, this is consistent with potential rupture of the gallbladder and secondary bile peritonitis or occult neoplasia that may be exacerbated by recent events. Multiple biopsies of any abnormal tissue, but specifically the liver would be recommended at the time of surgery. Given the patient’s presentation I do not feel that waiting on a surgical exploratory is likely an option and given that the inflammatory mesenteric pattern appears to be coalesced around the gallbladder, leakage of the gallbladder owing to collapse is a strong suspicion. Chronic cholecystitis with collapsed gallbladder often presents in this way especially given the chronic hepatic changes and would suggest a history of chronic inflammatory liver disease. Guarded prognosis. Coagulation panel +/- plasma transfusion may be necessary in this patient depending upon any clinical decline that may occur in the CBC chem profile in the next 24 hours.

Image Interpretation

The liver in this patient presented increased portal markings and heterogenous parenchymal changes. The gallbladder was double layered, thickened and collapsed with echogenic debris. Echogenic changes were noted in the portal hilus.
Free fluid was noted in the abdomen with echogenic changes. The mesentery in the abdomen appeared reactive.

Outcome

The patient had surgery and did very well. The surgeon stated that there was an excessive amount of adhesions and there was evidence of rupture.

Clinical Differential Diagnosis

GIT foreign body, intestinal perforation with peritonitis
Peritonitis
Pancreatitis

Sampling

Free fluid is serosanguinous with neutrophilia

Video

Patient Information

Gender : Female, Spayed
Species : Canine
Type of Imaging : Ultrasound
Status : Complete

Clinical Signs

  • Diarrhea

Exam Finding

  • Abdominal Pain
  • Dehydration

Images

williams_lilo_rutpured_gb_bile_peritonitisruptured_gb_bile_peritonitis_bili_4ruptured_gb_bile_peritonitis_bili_4ruptured_gb_bile_peritonitis_bili_4

Blood Chemistry

  • Alkaline Phosphatase (SAP), High
  • Cholesterol, High

Clinical Signs

  • Diarrhea