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Pyloric mural thickening with regional lymphadenopathy in a 15 year old FS DSH cat

Case Study

Pyloric mural thickening with regional lymphadenopathy in a 15 year old FS DSH cat

A 15-year-old FS DSH cat was presented for evaluation of lethargy, increased vomiting, and possible abdominal discomfort.  On a previous ultrasound, GI lymphoma had been suspected.  Abnormalities on physical examination were muscle wasting along spine and a pot-bellied appearance. Both fPL and T4 were elevated.

A 15-year-old FS DSH cat was presented for evaluation of lethargy, increased vomiting, and possible abdominal discomfort.  On a previous ultrasound, GI lymphoma had been suspected.  Abnormalities on physical examination were muscle wasting along spine and a pot-bellied appearance. Both fPL and T4 were elevated.

Image Interpretation

The gastric wall in this patient revealed a focal 0.6 cm, hypoechoic thickening. This impinges upon the lumen. Intraoperative ultrasound and full thickness biopsies are strongly recommended of this lesion as it meets neoplastic criteria whereas the remainder of the pyloric outflow and stomach maintain curvilinear patterns. The region of the pyloric thickening measured 2.3 x 0.82 cm. Variable small intestinal thickening was noted elsewhere with hypertrophied muscularis without loss of mural detail. Minor reactive mesentery was noted. Regional lymph node enlargement was also present and would necessitate full thickness biopsies for definition. These are adjacent to the focal, pyloric thickening.

The liver was slightly hypoechoic and mildly enlarged. The gallbladder presented thin walls with normal, primarily anechoic content. The cystic and common bile ducts were normal. No pathological hepatic lymphadenopathy was evident. No overt structural evidence of inflammatory, infiltrative or regenerative pathology was noted.

The right and left limbs, as well as the base of the pancreas were observed to be largely isoechoic to surrounding omental fat. No overt evidence of acute active inflammatory or neoplastic disease was noted. Some parenchymal remodeling, however, with mild deviation from curvilinear normalcy was observed. Pancreatic duct and capsular irregularities were present consistent with age related changes. The pancreatic duct was dilated at 0.38 cm. 

DX

Pyloric mural thickening with regional lymphadenopathy.

Comments

Intraoperative ultrasound with full thickness biopsies and lymph node biopsies would be recommended.

Slightly hypoechoic and mildly enlarged liver. Screening FNA could be justified. However, given the lack of liver enzyme elevation this may be a normal variant for this patient. 

Age related pancreatic changes.

The region of biopsy is crucial in this case as the majority of the bowel does not meet neoplastic criteria and would likely be inflammatory bowel or similar pathology. However, the caudal aspect of the pyloric antrum does reach neoplastic criteria with regional lymphadenopathy. However, this may not be overtly visible from the surgical eye hence the necessity for intraoperative ultrasound. Other differentials in addition to round cell neoplasia include complicated gastritis, dry form FIP or other round cell neoplasia.

Clinical Differential Diagnosis

GIT – neoplasia (lymphoma, carcinoma), granulomatous disease, foreign body, ulceration
Pancreas – pancreatitis, neoplasia, abscessation
Uncontrolled hyperthyroidism

Patient Information

Patient Name : Kiki Barnett
Gender : Female, Spayed
Species : Feline
Type of Imaging : Ultrasound
Status : Complete
Liz Wuz Here : Yes
Code : 04-00567

Clinical Signs

  • Lethargy
  • Pain
  • Vomiting

Exam Finding

  • Muscle Wasting
  • Pot belly

Images

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Clinical Signs

  • Lethargy
  • Pain
  • Vomiting

Special Testing

  • fPLI Positive